”a crossover circuit for use in a speaker system”- The prior art on page 25 titled: "Tower Crossover Schematic" - Illustration: Shows a 4" mid-bass woofer (W) and a 2 1/2" midrange (M) speaker connected to a terminal panel receiving a height channel signal. The signal is routed shown by the red line to both the mid-bass woofer (W) and the midrange (M) speaker. The title explicitly identifies the component as a "crossover". The routing of a single height channel/signal to both a mid-bass woofer (W) and a midrange (M) speaker demonstrates the function of a crossover network in a speaker system – dividing the height channel/signal signal and directing it to different drivers. This constitutes an explicit disclosure of a crossover for use in a speaker system
” transmiting sound waves”- The prior art on page 25 titled “Tower crossover Schematic” disclosing the drawing of a speaker with input terminals for a height channel/signal (and also a main channel), attached to the speaker; signals are routed to a 4" mid-bass woofer (W) and a 2 1/2" midrange (M) driver. A speaker with input terminals, a woofer (W), and a midrange (M) driver is inherently designed to transmit sound waves by converting electrical signals into mechanical vibrations. The functionality of the speaker system (routing signals to components) explicitly implies the transmission of sound.
”for a full-bandwidth”- The prior art on page 25 titled “Tower crossover Schematic” discloses the presence of the woofer (W) (4" mid-bass) and midrange (M) (2 1/2") driver, designated to the height channel/signal, inherently implies their function of transmitting sound waves within their respective frequency ranges. A person skilled in the art would understand that the combination of these drivers, managed by a crossover, aims to reproduce a portion of or the full audible spectrum depending on the specific speaker design. The diagram depicts the speaker with the woofer (W) and midrange (M) driver utilized with the height channel/signal. While "transmits sound waves for a full bandwidth" might not be explicitly stated, the use of speaker drivers (woofer and midrange), coupled with a crossover to direct the appropriate frequency ranges to each inherently discloses the transmission of sound waves across a broader spectrum. The presence of both a mid-bass woofers (W) and a midrange (M) driver implies the system is designed to handle a significant range of frequencies, encompassing what is often referred to as "full bandwidth" in the context of a speaker system (a full-bandwidth can be a height channel/signal and the combination of a height channel/signal and a main channel/signal which is also explicitly disclosed).
”object based audio content”- The prior art on page 25 titled “Tower crossover Schematic discloses a drawing of a crossover schematic of a speaker - Separate inputs for height channel and main channel labeled on the terminal panel - Routing from the height channel input to a 4" mid-bass woofer (W) and a 2 1/2" higher frequencies midrange (M) driver for the height channel - Routing from the main channel input to 4" mid-bass woofers (W) and 2 1/2" higher frequencies drivers for the main channel. While not explicitly stating "object audio based content," the disclosed speaker design, with its dedicated height and main channels and their respective components and inputs, inherently supports the processing and reproduction of object-based audio content that utilizes these channels (like Dolby Atmos) to create an immersive 3D sound experience. A skilled artisan would recognize that the illustrated speaker is capable of handling the separate audio streams and positional metadata associated with object-based audio.
”having height and direct components to be reflected off an upper surface of a listening environment”-  The prior art on page 25 titled “Tower Crossover Schematic” shows a speaker with terminal inputs for both a height channel/signal and a main channel/signal. A red line from the height channel input leads to both a 4" mid-bass woofer (W) and a 2 1/2" midrange (M) driver, both initially depicted as direct-firing in the primary illustration. Heather’s other prior art in this same Exhibit C. pages 26-44 relevant to the Acoustic Labs published Tower Crossover Schematic on page 25 explicitly discloses that the 2 1/2" driver is angled upward, thereby resulting in reflection off an upper surface of a listening environment for the height channel/signal, having height and direct components to be reflected of an upper surface of the listening environment for a height channel/signal. While the illustration on page 25 may initially seem to depict only direct-firing drivers, the presence of dedicated height channel inputs, combined with the explicit disclosure in the other prior art in Exhibit C. pages 26-44 relevant to the Acoustic Labs published Crossover Schematic on page 25 disclose that the 2 1/2" driver at the top is angled upward for the height channel resulting in reflection, disclosing the "height and direct components to be reflected off an upper surface of a listening environment" element which is indeed present in Heather’s prior art. A person of ordinary skill in the art, considering the disclosures in Exhibit C., would understand that the height channel signal is directed both directly and through reflection off the upper surface of the listening environment.
  The Tower Crossover Schematic on page 25 shows a speaker tower with a woofer and a midrange/high-frequency driver. All the other prior art in Exhibit C. shows the speaker with the exact same components, dual (two) 4” mid-bass woofers, dual (two) 2 ½” midranges (mid-high drivers) and, one soft dome tweeter. with an angled driver configuration. A person of ordinary skill in the art (PHOSITA) would have been motivated to combine the Tower Crossover Schematic on page 25 with the angled driver configuration of the other prior art references for the speaker in Exhibit C. page 26-44 in this chart. The woofer is shown as direct-firing in the Tower Crossover Schematic on page 25. This feature is present in both references and is a known element in the art. The combination is motivated by the desire to achieve improved height channel effects, as explicitly taught and illustrated in other references in this Exhibit C. pages 26-44. The Tower Schematic on page 25 shows a direct-firing midrange driver. The other prior art in this Exhibit C. pages 26-44 explicitly describes and illustrates the 2 ½” driver at the top of the Tower Crossover Schematic on page 25 is angled upward for a height channel. The modification of angling the driver from the Tower Crossover Schematic on page 25 is a straightforward application of the known technique in the other prior art in this Exhibit C pages 26-44 to achieve a predictable acoustic result, consistent with the Supreme Court's reasoning in KSR. The combination is a matter of routine design choice for a PHOSITA seeking to improve the perceived height of the sound.

“an interface from a renderer to a speaker”- The terminal panel is illustrated on the speaker Tower Crossover Schematic on page 25. The terminal panel is the interface. The diagram explicitly shows inputs on the terminal panel labeled which come from the audio source receiver. Based on the doctrine of inherency, a PHOSITA would understand that the terminal panel's sole function is to receive signals from a source component like a receiver. The receiver acts as the "renderer" by providing the processed height and main channel signals to the speaker. The red line on the schematic, labeled as the height channel input. The schematic explicitly shows the input for the height channel. The black line on the schematic, labeled as the main channel input. The schematic explicitly shows the input for the main channel

”having a direct firing driver within a cabinet and oriented to transmit sound along a horizontal axis substantially perpendicular to a front surface of the cabinet an upward-firing driver oriented at an inclination angle between 18 to 22 degrees relative to the horizontal axis”- The prior art on page 25 titled “Tower crossover Schematic” explicitly illustrates the direct-firing woofers within the cabinet, oriented to fire horizontally and substantially perpendicular to the front surface designated to a height channel (and a main channel). The drawing which is a back view of the speaker cabinet illustrates a signal from both a height channel and a front main channel directed to the direct firing woofer (W) to direct sound horizontally. The Tower Crossover Schematic explicitly shows a mid-high midrange driver designated to the height channel, separate from the main channel drivers indicated with the red line from the terminal panel of the height channel/signal Heather’s other prior art in this same Exhibit C. relevant to the Acoustic Labs published Tower Crossover Schematic on page 25 explicitly discloses that the 2 1/2" driver is angled upward, a PHOSITA would have been motivated to combine the Acoustic Labs Prior Art disclosure in Exhibit C. in this chart to the Acoustic Labs Tower Crossover Schematic on page 25 in this chart utilizing the same channels a front main and height channel with the other Prior Art in Exhibit C page 26-44 in this chart’s explicit disclosure that the same driver is "angled upward." The selection of an angle, such as 18-22 degrees, is a predictable and routine optimization for achieving a specific acoustic effect. A PHOSITA, through routine experimentation, would arrive at an effective upward angle for sound projection to a listener's ceiling, with 18-22 degrees falling within the range of predictable solutions.